56. HAMMIMG CODE

CODE:

import java.util.*;

class Hamming

{

static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

int data[];

int parity[];

int code[];

int a[];

static int n,i,p;

void input()

{

System.out.println("Enter the no.of data bits:");

n=sc.nextInt();

data=new int[n];

System.out.println("Enter the data bits:");

for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--)

{

data[i]=sc.nextInt();

}

if(n==2 || n==3 || n==4)

p=3;

if(n==5 || n==6 || n==7 || n==8 || n==9 || n==10 || n==11)

p=4;

System.out.println("\nNo.of parity bits required = "+p);

parity=new int[p];

code=new int[n+p];

a=new int[n+p];

} void calculate()

{

for(i=0;i<p;i++)

{  parity[i]=0;

}

int j=0; int d=0; int x=0;

for(i=0;i<n+p;i++)

{

if(i==(Math.pow(2,x)-1))

{

a[i]=parity[j];

j++;

x++;

}else

{

a[i]=data[d];

d++;

}}

for(i=0;i<n+p;i++)

{  code[i]=a[i];

}  if((code[0]+code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2==0)

code[0]=0;

else

code[0]=1;

if((code[1]+code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0)

code[1]=0;

else

code[1]=1;

if((code[3]+code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0)

code[3]=0;

else

code[3]=1;

System.out.println("\nThe Hamming Code is :");

for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)

{  System.out.print(code[i]);

}

System.out.println();

}  void errorcheck()

{

System.out.println("\nEnter the Corrupted Hamming Code:");

for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)

{  code[i]=sc.nextInt();

}

System.out.println("\nThe Corrupted Hamming Code:");

for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)

{  System.out.print(code[i]);

}

System.out.println();

parity[0]=code[0];

parity[1]=code[1];

parity[2]=code[3];

if((((code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[0]==0)||(((code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[0]==1))

  parity[0]=0;

else

  parity[0]=1;

if((((code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[1]==0)||(((code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[1]==1))

 parity[1]=0;

else

 parity[1]=1;

if((((code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[2]==0)||(((code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[2]==1 ))

 parity[2]=0;

else

 parity[2]=1;

int word=0;

for(i=2;i>=0;i--)

{   word=word+(parity[i]*(int)Math.pow(2,i));                                 

 }           if(word==0)

System.out.println("\nThe data code is correctly received");   

else

System.out.println("\nThe bit no. "+word+" is wrongly received");

 if(code[word-1]==0)

code[word-1]=1;

else

code[word-1]=0;

System.out.println("\nThe Corrected Hamming Code:");

for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)

{  System.out.print(code[i]);

}  System.out.println();

}

public static void main(String arg[])

{  Hamming h=new Hamming();

h.input();

h.calculate();

h.errorcheck();

}

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the no.of data bits:

4

Enter the data bits:

1

0

1

1

No. of parity bits required = 3

The Hamming Code is :

1010101

Enter the Corrupted Hamming Code:

1

0

1

0

1

0

0

The Corrupted Hamming Code:

1010100

The bit no. 1 is wrongly received

The Corrected Hamming Code:

1010101

Need the code??

Download Link= https://www.dropbox.com/s/umlbpia77como3k/Hamming.docx

55. FRAMING TECHNIQUES

Code:

import java.io.*;

class Framing

{

            public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException

            {

                        String data;

                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

                        System.out.print("\nEnter the Data Stream: ");

                        data=br.readLine();

                        String str;

                        int select;

                        System.out.print("\nThe various Framing techniques are:\n1) Character Count\n2) Byte Stuffing\n3) Bit Stuffing\n4) Physical Data Violation\n\nEnter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: ");

                        str=br.readLine();

                        select=Integer.parseInt(str);

                        switch(select)

                        {

                                    case 1: System.out.print("\nThe Frame after Processing is: "+CC(data));

                                                break;

                                    case 2: System.out.print("\nEnter the Flag Stream: ");

                                                String flag;

                                                flag=br.readLine();

                                                System.out.print("\nThe Frame after processing: "+Byte(data,flag));

                                                break;

                                    case 3: flag="01111110";

                                                System.out.print("\nThe Flag Stream is: "+flag);

                                                System.out.print("\n\nThe Frame after processing: "+Bit(data,flag));

                                                break;

                                    case 4: System.out.print("\nThe Frame after processing: "+PDV(data));

                                                break;

                        }

            }

            public static String CC(String input)

            {

                        int len=input.length();

                        String head=""+len;

                        String output=head+input;

                        return output;

            }

            public static String Byte(String input,String flag)

            {

                        int len=input.length();

                        int lenf=flag.length();

                        char na[]=new char [2*len];

                        int ni=0;

                        int fromindex=0;

                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)

                        {

                                    fromindex=input.indexOf(flag,i);

                                    if(fromindex==i)

                                    {

                                                na[ni]='e';

                                                ni++;

                                                for(int j=0;j<lenf;j++,i++)

                                                {

                                                            na[ni]=flag.charAt(j);

                                                            ni++;

                                                }

                                    }

                                    else if(i<fromindex)

                                    {

                                                for(int l=i;l<fromindex;l++,i++)

                                                {

                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(l);

                                                            ni++;

                                                }

                                    }

                                    else if(fromindex==-1)

                                    {

                                                for(int k=i;k<len;k++,i++)

                                                {

                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(k);

                                                            ni++;

                                                }

                                                break;

                                    }

                                    i=i-1;

                        }

                        String output=new String (na,0,ni);

                        return flag+" "+output+" "+flag;

            }

            public static String Bit(String input,String flag)

            {

                        int count=0;

                        int len=input.length();

                        int maxs=len/5;

                        int ni=0;

                        char na[]=new char [len+maxs];

                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)

                        {

                                    if(input.charAt(i)=='1')

                                    {

                                                count++;

                                                if(count==5)

                                                {

                                                            count=0;

                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(i);

                                                            ni++;

                                                            na[ni]='0';

                                                            ni++;

                                                            continue;

                                                }

                                    }

                                    else

                                    {          

                                                count=0;

                                    }

                                    na[ni]=input.charAt(i);

                                    ni++;

                        }

                        String output=new String (na,0,ni);

                        return flag+" "+output+" "+flag;

                       

            }

            public static String PDV(String input)

            {

                        int len=input.length();

                        char na[]=new char [len];

                        int ni=0;

                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)

                        {

                                    if(input.charAt(i)=='0')

                                    {

                                                na[ni]='L';

                                                ni++;

                                    }

                                    else

                                    {

                                                na[ni]='H';

                                                ni++;

                                    }

                        }

                        String output=new String (na);

                        return output;

            }

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the Data Stream: 0110

The various Framing techniques are:

1) Character Count

2) Byte Stuffing

3) Bit Stuffing

4) Physical Data Violation

Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 1

The Frame after Processing is: 40110

Enter the Data Stream: 111111100011001010111111

The various Framing techniques are:

1) Character Count

2) Byte Stuffing

3) Bit Stuffing

4) Physical Data Violation

Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 2

Enter the Flag Stream: 111

The Frame after processing: 111 e111e111100011001010e111e111 111

Enter the Data Stream: 1111111111111111

The various Framing techniques are:

1) Character Count

2) Byte Stuffing

3) Bit Stuffing

4) Physical Data Violation

Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 3

The Flag Stream is: 01111110

The Frame after processing: 01111110 1111101111101111101 01111110

Enter the Data Stream: 1111100

The various Framing techniques are:

1) Character Count

2) Byte Stuffing

3) Bit Stuffing

4) Physical Data Violation

Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 4

The Frame after processing: HHHHHLL

Need the code??

Download Link= https://www.dropbox.com/s/t099t9vrdromflb/Framing.docx