Friday 23 August 2013

56. HAMMIMG CODE

CODE:
import java.util.*;
class Hamming
{
static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int data[];
int parity[];
int code[];
int a[];
static int n,i,p;
void input()
{
System.out.println("Enter the no.of data bits:");
n=sc.nextInt();
data=new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter the data bits:");
for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
{
data[i]=sc.nextInt();
}
if(n==2 || n==3 || n==4)
p=3;
if(n==5 || n==6 || n==7 || n==8 || n==9 || n==10 || n==11)
p=4;
System.out.println("\nNo.of parity bits required = "+p);
parity=new int[p];
code=new int[n+p];
a=new int[n+p];
} void calculate()
{
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{  parity[i]=0;
}
int j=0; int d=0; int x=0;
for(i=0;i<n+p;i++)
{
if(i==(Math.pow(2,x)-1))
{
a[i]=parity[j];
j++;
x++;
}else
{
a[i]=data[d];
d++;
}}
for(i=0;i<n+p;i++)
{  code[i]=a[i];
}  if((code[0]+code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2==0)
code[0]=0;
else
code[0]=1;
if((code[1]+code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0)
code[1]=0;
else
code[1]=1;
if((code[3]+code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0)
code[3]=0;
else
code[3]=1;
System.out.println("\nThe Hamming Code is :");
for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)
{  System.out.print(code[i]);
}
System.out.println();
}  void errorcheck()
{
System.out.println("\nEnter the Corrupted Hamming Code:");
for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)
{  code[i]=sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("\nThe Corrupted Hamming Code:");
for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)
{  System.out.print(code[i]);
}
System.out.println();
parity[0]=code[0];
parity[1]=code[1];
parity[2]=code[3];
if((((code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[0]==0)||(((code[2]+code[4]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[0]==1))
  parity[0]=0;
else
  parity[0]=1;
if((((code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[1]==0)||(((code[2]+code[5]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[1]==1))
 parity[1]=0;
else
 parity[1]=1;
if((((code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2==0 && parity[2]==0)||(((code[4]+code[5]+code[6])%2)!=0) && parity[2]==1 ))
 parity[2]=0;
else
 parity[2]=1;
int word=0;
for(i=2;i>=0;i--)
{   word=word+(parity[i]*(int)Math.pow(2,i));                                 
 }           if(word==0)
System.out.println("\nThe data code is correctly received");   
else
System.out.println("\nThe bit no. "+word+" is wrongly received");
 if(code[word-1]==0)
code[word-1]=1;
else
code[word-1]=0;
System.out.println("\nThe Corrected Hamming Code:");
for(i=(n+p)-1;i>=0;i--)
{  System.out.print(code[i]);
}  System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{  Hamming h=new Hamming();
h.input();
h.calculate();
h.errorcheck();
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the no.of data bits:
4
Enter the data bits:
1
0
1
1
No. of parity bits required = 3
The Hamming Code is :
1010101
Enter the Corrupted Hamming Code:
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
The Corrupted Hamming Code:
1010100
The bit no. 1 is wrongly received
The Corrected Hamming Code:
1010101


55. FRAMING TECHNIQUES

Code:
import java.io.*;
class Framing
{
            public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
            {
                        String data;
                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                        System.out.print("\nEnter the Data Stream: ");
                        data=br.readLine();
                        String str;
                        int select;
                        System.out.print("\nThe various Framing techniques are:\n1) Character Count\n2) Byte Stuffing\n3) Bit Stuffing\n4) Physical Data Violation\n\nEnter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: ");
                        str=br.readLine();
                        select=Integer.parseInt(str);
                        switch(select)
                        {
                                    case 1: System.out.print("\nThe Frame after Processing is: "+CC(data));
                                                break;
                                    case 2: System.out.print("\nEnter the Flag Stream: ");
                                                String flag;
                                                flag=br.readLine();
                                                System.out.print("\nThe Frame after processing: "+Byte(data,flag));
                                                break;
                                    case 3: flag="01111110";
                                                System.out.print("\nThe Flag Stream is: "+flag);
                                                System.out.print("\n\nThe Frame after processing: "+Bit(data,flag));
                                                break;
                                    case 4: System.out.print("\nThe Frame after processing: "+PDV(data));
                                                break;
                        }
            }
            public static String CC(String input)
            {
                        int len=input.length();
                        String head=""+len;
                        String output=head+input;
                        return output;
            }
            public static String Byte(String input,String flag)
            {
                        int len=input.length();
                        int lenf=flag.length();
                        char na[]=new char [2*len];
                        int ni=0;
                        int fromindex=0;
                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
                        {
                                    fromindex=input.indexOf(flag,i);
                                    if(fromindex==i)
                                    {
                                                na[ni]='e';
                                                ni++;
                                                for(int j=0;j<lenf;j++,i++)
                                                {
                                                            na[ni]=flag.charAt(j);
                                                            ni++;
                                                }
                                    }
                                    else if(i<fromindex)
                                    {
                                                for(int l=i;l<fromindex;l++,i++)
                                                {
                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(l);
                                                            ni++;
                                                }
                                    }
                                    else if(fromindex==-1)
                                    {
                                                for(int k=i;k<len;k++,i++)
                                                {
                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(k);
                                                            ni++;
                                                }
                                                break;
                                    }
                                    i=i-1;
                        }
                        String output=new String (na,0,ni);
                        return flag+" "+output+" "+flag;
            }
            public static String Bit(String input,String flag)
            {
                        int count=0;
                        int len=input.length();
                        int maxs=len/5;
                        int ni=0;
                        char na[]=new char [len+maxs];
                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
                        {
                                    if(input.charAt(i)=='1')
                                    {
                                                count++;
                                                if(count==5)
                                                {
                                                            count=0;
                                                            na[ni]=input.charAt(i);
                                                            ni++;
                                                            na[ni]='0';
                                                            ni++;
                                                            continue;
                                                }
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {          
                                                count=0;
                                    }
                                    na[ni]=input.charAt(i);
                                    ni++;
                        }
                        String output=new String (na,0,ni);
                        return flag+" "+output+" "+flag;
                       
            }
            public static String PDV(String input)
            {
                        int len=input.length();
                        char na[]=new char [len];
                        int ni=0;
                        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
                        {
                                    if(input.charAt(i)=='0')
                                    {
                                                na[ni]='L';
                                                ni++;
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                                na[ni]='H';
                                                ni++;
                                    }
                        }
                        String output=new String (na);
                        return output;
            }
}

OUTPUT:
Enter the Data Stream: 0110
The various Framing techniques are:
1) Character Count
2) Byte Stuffing
3) Bit Stuffing
4) Physical Data Violation
Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 1
The Frame after Processing is: 40110


Enter the Data Stream: 111111100011001010111111
The various Framing techniques are:
1) Character Count
2) Byte Stuffing
3) Bit Stuffing
4) Physical Data Violation
Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 2
Enter the Flag Stream: 111
The Frame after processing: 111 e111e111100011001010e111e111 111

Enter the Data Stream: 1111111111111111
The various Framing techniques are:
1) Character Count
2) Byte Stuffing
3) Bit Stuffing
4) Physical Data Violation
Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 3
The Flag Stream is: 01111110
The Frame after processing: 01111110 1111101111101111101 01111110

Enter the Data Stream: 1111100
The various Framing techniques are:
1) Character Count
2) Byte Stuffing
3) Bit Stuffing
4) Physical Data Violation
Enter the number for the corresponding Framing technique: 4
The Frame after processing: HHHHHLL





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Download Link= https://www.dropbox.com/s/t099t9vrdromflb/Framing.docx

Monday 17 June 2013

54. SEPARATING POSITIVE & NEGATIVE NUMBERS


MOV SI,1100
      MOV CX,0A
      MOV AL,00
L2: MOV BX,[SI]
      ADD BX,00H
      JS L1
      INC SI
      INC AL

      DEC CX
      JNZ L2
      JMP L3
L1: INC SI
      INC AH
      DEC CX
      JNZ L2
L3: HLT


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53. MATRIX MULTIPLICATION IN 8086


MOV SI,1000
       MOV BP,1020
       MOV DI,1050
L2:  MOV CX,00
L1:  MOV AL,[SI]
       MOV BL,[BP]
       MUL BL
       ADD CX,AX
       ADD BP,03
       INC SI
       CMP BP,1029
       JB L1
       SUB SI,03
       SUB BP,08
       ADD DI,02
       CMP BP,1023
       JB L2
      ADD SI,03
      SUB BP,03
      CMP DI,1051
       JB L2
HLT


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52. CODE CONVERSION IN 8086


ASCII ADJUSTMENT INSTRUCTIONS


CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE
START: MOV AX,31H
ADD AX,39H
AAA
ADD AX,3030H
MOV BL,9
MOV AX,0702H
AAD

DIV BL
MOV AL,5
MOV CL,5
MUL CL
AAM
ADD AX,3030H
MOV AX,38H
SUB AX,31H
AAS
AX,3030H
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START


BINARY TO BCD CONVERSION



DATA SEGMENT
BIN DW 01A9H
BCD DB 2 DUP(0)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,BIN
MOV CL,64H
DIV CL
MOV BCD+1,AL
MOV AL,AH
MOV AH,00H
MOV CL,0AH
DIV CL
MOV CL,04
ROR AL,CL
ADD AL,AH
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START


Input: binary--------01A9
Output: bcd------------425


BCD TO BINARY CONVERSION



DATA SEGMENT
BCD DW 27H
BIN DW ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,BCD
AND AX,07H
MOV BX,AX
MOV AX,BCD
AND AX,0F0H
MOV CX,0AH
MUL CX
ADD AX,BX
MOV BIN,AX
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START


Input: BCD-------------27
Output:------------------1B



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